Promoting inclusive environments through best practices in demographic survey design

Demographic data serve as an essential part of any study design. Accurate collection ensures adequate sample representation, which impacts future research integrity and promotes diversity inclusion within a population. Relevant recommendations guidelines were reviewed adapted for use in surgical education beyond. Specifically, we focus on four demographic dimensions: sex gender identity, sexual orientation, race ethnicity, ability status. Traditionally, are often used interchangeably with binary options “male” “female.” To best assess recommend two-part question non-traditional terms, allowing free response option, inquiring about transgender status separately to avoid the effect “othering.” Similarly, approach orientation should include broad categories orientations allow participants submit personalized responses. Race ethnicity have historically been difficult due confusing terminology. With increased prevalence multiracial individuals, expanding upon traditional options, subcategories whenever possible fully capture granular data. Finally, is sensitive complex topic commonly excluded from surveys. We dividing this dimension into two sections, first asking chronic life-limiting conditions, second further classifying type disability. hold important implications conclusions generalizability findings. provide comprehensive overview practices approaching common dimensions included surveys